Export-Import of Ukraine in 2020
Ukraine is a country located in Eastern Europe with a population of approximately 44 million people.
As of 2021, there were over 1,5 mln registered companies in Ukraine, with a total of 41,000 exporters and 95,000 importers.
In 2020, Ukraine's exports totaled $49.8 billion, while imports totaled $55.3 billion.
TOP 10 products by export and % of volume for 2020:
1. Grain - 16.7%
2. Ferrous metals - 13.2%
3. Oil and oilseeds - 9.9%
4. Food products - 8.1%
5. Chemicals - 6.2%
6. Machinery and equipment - 5.9%
7. Wood and wood products - 4.8%
8. Ores, slag, and ash - 3.8%
9. Textiles and textile articles - 3.4%
10. Non-ferrous metals - 3.3%
TOP 10 countries where exports go and % of the volume for 2020:
1. China - 14.5%
2. Russia - 12.8%
3. Poland - 7.6%
4. Egypt - 4.8%
5. Turkey - 4.4%
6. Italy - 4.3%
7. India - 4.1%
8. Spain - 3.8%
9. Germany - 3.6%
10. Netherlands - 3.4%
TOP 10 goods by import and % of volume for 2020:
1. Mineral fuels, oils, and distillation products - 21.1%
2. Machinery and equipment - 13.6%
3. Vehicles, aircraft, and associated transport equipment - 8.2%
4. Plastics and plastic products - 7.4%
5. Chemicals - 6.4%
6. Iron and steel - 4.4%
7. Pharmaceuticals - 3.5%
8. Textiles and textile articles - 3.1%
9. Food products - 2.9%
10. Optical, photographic, and cinematographic equipment - 2.6%
TOP 10 countries where imports come from and % of the volume for 2020:
1. China - 15.2%
2. Germany - 11.5%
3. Russia - 11.1%
4. Poland - 7.5%
5. Italy - 6.0%
6. Turkey - 5.2%
7. United States - 3.9%
8. Belarus - 3.3%
9. France - 3.0%
10. Kazakhstan - 2.9%
According to the World Bank's World Integrated Trade Solution database, Ukraine's top 5 export goods in 2020 were:
1. Corn: Ukraine is the world's third-largest exporter of corn, after the United States and Brazil. In 2020, Ukraine exported 29.3 million metric tons of corn, valued at $5.3 billion.
2. Sunflower seeds: Ukraine is the world's largest exporter of sunflower seeds. In 2020, Ukraine exported 5.9 million metric tons of sunflower seeds, valued at $1.8 billion.
3. Iron ore: Ukraine is the world's fifth-largest exporter of iron ore. In 2020, Ukraine exported 49.4 million metric tons of iron ore, valued at $3.4 billion.
4. Wheat: Ukraine is the world's seventh-largest exporter of wheat. In 2020, Ukraine exported 16.3 million metric tons of wheat, valued at $2.9 billion.
5. Refined petroleum: Ukraine is a net exporter of refined petroleum. In 2020, Ukraine exported 6.5 million metric tons of refined petroleum, valued at $2.1 billion.
It is worth noting that these rankings may vary from year to year depending on global demand and supply, as well as other factors such as weather and geopolitical tensions.
State policy and support programs for Ukrainian exporters: successes and problems
Ukraine's government has implemented several policies and support programs to promote exports and assist exporters. The Export Promotion Office was established in 2018 to support the development of export potential and increase the competitiveness of Ukrainian companies in foreign markets. Additionally, the government has implemented tax incentives and provided financial support to exporters.
However, there are still challenges facing Ukrainian exporters, including corruption, bureaucracy, and lack of access to finance.
Participation of Ukraine in global value chains:
Ukraine's participation in global value chains remains relatively low, with only a few sectors such as agriculture and IT showing signs of integration into these chains.
Improving infrastructure, increasing access to finance, and reducing corruption can help boost Ukraine's participation in global value chains and improve the country's export competitiveness.